-
1 accomplishments of scientists
Общая лексика: достижения науки, открытия ученыхУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > accomplishments of scientists
-
2 accomplishments of scientists
Англо-русский словарь по исследованиям и ноу-хау > accomplishments of scientists
-
3 accomplishment
[əʹkʌmplıʃınənt] n1. выполнение, завершение2. достижениеaccomplishments of scientists - открытия учёных; достижения науки
the teacher was proud of her pupil's accomplishments - учительница гордилась успехами своих учеников
3. обыкн. pl1) достоинства, совершенстваa man of many accomplishments - человек, обладающий многими достоинствами
good marksmanship is usually a manly accomplishment - меткими стрелками обычно бывают мужчины
2) арх. достоинства благовоспитанной девицы; умение играть на фортепиано, рисовать, танцевать и т. п. -
4 accomplishment
1. n выполнение, завершение2. n достижениеaccomplishments of scientists — открытия учёных; достижения науки
3. n обыкн. l4. n достоинства, совершенстваa man of many accomplishments — человек, обладающий многими достоинствами
Синонимический ряд:1. achievement (noun) achievement; acquirement; acquisition; exploit; feat; finish; proficiency; quality; success2. doing (noun) act; action; deed; doing; thing3. fulfillment (noun) attainment; completion; effect; effecting; execution; fulfillment; fulfilment4. success (noun) success; successfulnessАнтонимический ряд:failure; frustration -
5 достижения науки
1) General subject: accomplishments of scientists, the achievements of science, scientific discoveries2) Economy: scientific achievements -
6 открытия ученых
General subject: accomplishments of scientists -
7 accomplishment
əˈkɔmplɪʃmənt сущ.
1) выполнение;
завершение, исполнение He wished Mr Carden success in the accomplishment of his highly important mission. ≈ Он пожелал мистеру Кардену успеха в выполнении его чрезвычайно важной миссии. Syn: fulfilment, execution
2) достижение, успех By any standards, the accomplishments of the past year are extraordinary. ≈ По всем меркам достижения последнего года превосходны. It was a real accomplishment to defeat them. ≈ Нанести им поражение было действительно победой. Syn: achievement, progress, attainment
3) мн. образованность;
воспитание;
достоинства;
внешний лоск a man of many accomplishments ≈ человек, обладающий многими достоинствами
4) благоустройствовыполнение, завершение;
- * of desires исполнение желаний;
- difficult of * трудновыполнимый достижение;
- *s of scientists открытия ученых;
достижения науки;
- the teacher was proud of her pupil's *s учительница гордилась успехами своих учеников достоинства, совершенства;
- a man of many *s человек, обладающий многими достоинствами;
- inspite of all her *s несмотря на все ее достоинства;
- good marksmanship is usually a manly * меткими стрелками обычно бывают мужчины( устаревшее) достоинства благовоспитанной девицы;
умение играть на фортепиано, рисовать, танцевать и т. п.accomplishment благоустройство ~ выполнение;
завершение ~ выполнение ~ достижение ~ завершение ~ исполнение ~ pl образованность;
воспитание;
достоинства;
внешний лоск ~ реализацияБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > accomplishment
-
8 Intelligence
There is no mystery about it: the child who is familiar with books, ideas, conversation-the ways and means of the intellectual life-before he begins school, indeed, before he begins consciously to think, has a marked advantage. He is at home in the House of intellect just as the stableboy is at home among horses, or the child of actors on the stage. (Barzun, 1959, p. 142)It is... no exaggeration to say that sensory-motor intelligence is limited to desiring success or practical adaptation, whereas the function of verbal or conceptual thought is to know and state truth. (Piaget, 1954, p. 359)ntelligence has two parts, which we shall call the epistemological and the heuristic. The epistemological part is the representation of the world in such a form that the solution of problems follows from the facts expressed in the representation. The heuristic part is the mechanism that on the basis of the information solves the problem and decides what to do. (McCarthy & Hayes, 1969, p. 466)Many scientists implicitly assume that, among all animals, the behavior and intelligence of nonhuman primates are most like our own. Nonhuman primates have relatively larger brains and proportionally more neocortex than other species... and it now seems likely that humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas shared a common ancestor as recently as 5 to 7 million years ago.... This assumption about the unique status of primate intelligence is, however, just that: an assumption. The relations between intelligence and measures of brain size is poorly understood, and evolutionary affinity does not always ensure behavioral similarity. Moreover, the view that nonhuman primates are the animals most like ourselves coexists uneasily in our minds with the equally pervasive view that primates differ fundamentally from us because they lack language; lacking language, they also lack many of the capacities necessary for reasoning and abstract thought. (Cheney & Seyfarth, 1990, p. 4)Few constructs are asked to serve as many functions in psychology as is the construct of human intelligence.... Consider four of the main functions addressed in theory and research on intelligence, and how they differ from one another.1. Biological. This type of account looks at biological processes. To qualify as a useful biological construct, intelligence should be a biochemical or biophysical process or at least somehow a resultant of biochemical or biophysical processes.2. Cognitive approaches. This type of account looks at molar cognitive representations and processes. To qualify as a useful mental construct, intelligence should be specifiable as a set of mental representations and processes that are identifiable through experimental, mathematical, or computational means.3. Contextual approaches. To qualify as a useful contextual construct, intelligence should be a source of individual differences in accomplishments in "real-world" performances. It is not enough just to account for performance in the laboratory. On [sic] the contextual view, what a person does in the lab may not even remotely resemble what the person would do outside it. Moreover, different cultures may have different conceptions of intelligence, which affect what would count as intelligent in one cultural context versus another.4. Systems approaches. Systems approaches attempt to understand intelligence through the interaction of cognition with context. They attempt to establish a link between the two levels of analysis, and to analyze what forms this link takes. (Sternberg, 1994, pp. 263-264)High but not the highest intelligence, combined with the greatest degrees of persistence, will achieve greater eminence than the highest degree of intelligence with somewhat less persistence. (Cox, 1926, p. 187)There are no definitive criteria of intelligence, just as there are none for chairness; it is a fuzzy-edged concept to which many features are relevant. Two people may both be quite intelligent and yet have very few traits in common-they resemble the prototype along different dimensions.... [Intelligence] is a resemblance between two individuals, one real and the other prototypical. (Neisser, 1979, p. 185)Given the complementary strengths and weaknesses of the differential and information-processing approaches, it should be possible, at least in theory, to synthesise an approach that would capitalise upon the strength of each approach, and thereby share the weakness of neither. (Sternberg, 1977, p. 65)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Intelligence
См. также в других словарях:
List of African-American inventors and scientists — This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries … Wikipedia
Einstein's accomplishments — Light and general relativityIn 1906, the patent office promoted Einstein to Technical Examiner Second Class, but he had not given up on academia. In 1908, he became a privatdozent at the University of Bern. [Citation | last = Pais | first =… … Wikipedia
accomplishment — /əˈkʌmplɪʃmənt / (say uh kumplishmuhnt), / ˈkɒm / (say kom ) noun 1. the act of carrying into effect; fulfilment: the accomplishment of our desires. 2. anything accomplished; achievement: the accomplishments of scientists. 3. (often plural) an… …
education — /ej oo kay sheuhn/, n. 1. the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. 2. the act or process of… … Universalium
Список награждённых Национальной медалью науки США — Джошуа Ледерберг (справа) получает Национальную медаль науки из рук Президента США Джорджа Буша старшего Список … Википедия
literature — /lit euhr euh cheuhr, choor , li treuh /, n. 1. writings in which expression and form, in connection with ideas of permanent and universal interest, are characteristic or essential features, as poetry, novels, history, biography, and essays. 2.… … Universalium
Theories and sociology of the history of science — The sociology and philosophy of science, as well as the entire field of science studies, have in the 20th century been preoccupied with the question of large scale patterns and trends in the development of science, and asking questions about how… … Wikipedia
Ames Laboratory — Infobox Laboratory name = Ames Laboratory established = 1947 director = Alexander King city = Ames, IA budget = $30 million type = Unclassified staff = 420 students = 84 operating agency = Iowa State University website = [http://www.ameslab.gov… … Wikipedia
United States — a republic in the N Western Hemisphere comprising 48 conterminous states, the District of Columbia, and Alaska in North America, and Hawaii in the N Pacific. 267,954,767; conterminous United States, 3,022,387 sq. mi. (7,827,982 sq. km); with… … Universalium
anthropology — anthropological /an threuh peuh loj i keuhl/, anthropologic, adj. anthropologically, adv. /an threuh pol euh jee/, n. 1. the science that deals with the origins, physical and cultural development, biological characteristics, and social customs… … Universalium
Europe, history of — Introduction history of European peoples and cultures from prehistoric times to the present. Europe is a more ambiguous term than most geographic expressions. Its etymology is doubtful, as is the physical extent of the area it designates.… … Universalium